Civil Law
UK civil law handles disputes between individuals, organisations, or the state, focusing on rights, property, and compensation rather than criminal punishment, covering areas like personal injury, family issues, and contracts, with cases resolved through courts or mediation based on the "balance of probabilities" standard.
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Key Aspects of UK Civil Law:
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Purpose: To resolve private disputes, enforce private rights, and provide remedies (usually financial compensation or injunctions) when someone's rights are infringed.
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Parties: Involves a claimant (the person bringing the case) and a defendant (the person being sued).
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Examples of Cases:
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Personal Injury (e.g., road accidents, medical negligence)
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Family Law (divorce, child arrangements)
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Contract Disputes (breaches of agreement)
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Burden of Proof: The claimant must prove their case "on the balance of probabilities," meaning it's more likely than not that their version of events is true (a lower standard than criminal law's "beyond reasonable doubt").
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Outcomes: Typically results in financial damages (compensation) or court orders (like injunctions). No prison sentences are given for civil offenses.
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Process: Cases are heard in County Courts or High Court, but many are settled outside court via negotiation or mediation.